Abstract
Objective
To determine the relationship between optic disc hemorrhage (DH) and corneal hysteresis
(CH).
Methods
Consecutive patients with prior or current photographic evidence of unilateral DH
who had undergone CH measurement with the Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA; Reichert,
Buffalo, NY) were enrolled. Eyes with a history of corneal disease, refractive surgery,
or bilateral DH were excluded. Central corneal thickness (CCT), visual field data,
5 consecutive previous intraocular pressures (IOPs), and maximum documented peak IOP
were obtained by chart review. Vertical cup-to-disc ratio (VCDR), the presence of
neuroretinal rim notching, number of clock hours of beta zone parapapillary atrophy
(ßPPA), and eye with greater ßPPA width were determined from photographs by 2 masked
expert examiners.
Results
We identified and analyzed 49 patients with photographically documented unilateral
DH. Compared to fellow non-DH eyes, eyes with DH had lower CH (8.7 ± 1.9 vs 9.2 ±
1.7; p = 0.002), higher IOP (15.6 ± 3.6 vs 14.3 ± 4.1; p = 0.017), and greater VCDR (0.79 ± 0.13 vs 0.68 ± 0.23; p < 0.001), but were similar with respect to CCT, ßPPA extent, rim notching, peak IOP,
and visual field damage (all p > 0.05). Using multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis, only CH (p = 0.012) and VCDR (p = 0.004) predicted the laterality of the DH.
Conclusions
Lower CH and greater VCDR are independently associated with DH. This suggests that
CH may be a structural biomarker for an abnormality of the optic nerve complex that
may be associated with progressive glaucoma. Eyes in which DH were detected had lower
CH.
Résumé
Objectif
Déterminer le lien entre l'hémorragie discale (HD) et l'hystérèse cornéenne (HC).
Méthodes
Ont été recrutés des patients consécutifs qui présentaient des signes photographiques
(actuels ou antérieurs) d'HD unilatérale et chez lesquels on a mesuré l'HC grâce à
l’Ocular Response Analyzer® (ORA; Reichert, Buffalo, NY). Les yeux qui présentaient des antécédents d'atteinte
cornéenne, de chirurgie réfractive ou d'HD bilatérale ont été exclus. On a consulté
les dossiers médicaux pour obtenir l’épaisseur cornéenne centrale (ECC), les données
liées aux champs visuels, les 5 pressions intraoculaires (PIO) consécutives précédentes
et le pic maximal de PIO enregistré. À partir de photographies à l'insu, 2 examinateurs
experts ont déterminé le rapport cupule/disque (C/D) vertical, la présence d'une encoche
de l'anneau neurorétinien, le nombre d'heures d'horloge de l'atrophie péripapillaire
de la zone β (APPβ) de même que les yeux qui présentaient une APPβ plus importante.
Résultats
Nous avons ainsi identifié et analysé 49 patients qui présentaient des signes photographiques
d'HD unilatérale. Par comparaison aux yeux sans HD, les yeux qui présentaient une
HD avaient une HC moindre (8,7 ± 1,9 vs 9,2 ± 1,7; p = 0,002), une PIO plus élevée
(15,6 ± 3,6 vs 14,3 ± 4,1; p = 0,017) et un plus grand rapport C/D vertical (0,79 ± 0,13 vs 0,68 ± 0,23; p < 0,001); par contre, ces derniers étaient similaires quant à l'ECC, à l’étendue
de l'APPβ, à la présence d'une encoche de l'anneau neurorétinien, au pic de PIO et
aux altérations du champ visuel (p > 0,05 dans tous les cas). Selon la régression logistique conditionnelle pour analyse
multivariée, seule l'HC (p = 0,012) et le rapport C/D vertical (p = 0,004) ont permis de prédire la latéralité de l'HD.
Conclusions
Il existe un lien indépendant entre l'HD, d'une part et une HC moindre et un plus
grand rapport C/D vertical, d'autre part, ce qui donne à penser que l'HC représente
peut-être un biomarqueur structurel d'une anomalie du nerf optique qui pourrait être
associée à un glaucome progressif. Les yeux qui présentaient une HD avaient une HC
moins prononcée.
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Canadian Journal of OphthalmologyAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Predictors of long-term progression in the early manifest glaucoma trial.Ophthalmology. 2007; 114: 1965-1972
- Predictive factors for glaucomatous visual field progression in the Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study.Ophthalmology. 2004; 111: 1627-1635
- Comparison of glaucomatous progression between untreated patients with normal-tension glaucoma and patients with therapeutically reduced intraocular pressures.Am J Ophthalmol. 1998; 126: 487-497
- Optic disc hemorrhages and progression of glaucoma.Ophthalmology. 1996; 103: 1014-1024
- The Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study: baseline factors that predict the onset of primary open-angle glaucoma.Arch Ophthalmol. 2002; 120 (discussion 829–30): 714-720
- Beta-zone parapapillary atrophy and the velocity of glaucoma progression.Ophthalmology. 2010; 117: 909-915
- Central corneal thickness and corneal hysteresis associated with glaucoma damage.Am J Ophthalmol. 2006; 141: 868-875
- Determining in vivo biomechanical properties of the cornea with an ocular response analyzer.J Cataract Refract Surg. 2005; 31: 156-162
- Lower corneal hysteresis in glaucoma patients with acquired pit of the optic nerve (APON).Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2008; 246: 735-738
- Ocular Response Analyzer in subjects with and without glaucoma.Optom Vis Sci. 2008; 85: 463-470
- Corneal biomechanical properties in primary open angle glaucoma and normal tension glaucoma.J Glaucoma. 2008; 17: 259-262
- [Measurement of viscoelastic corneal parameters (corneal hysteresis) in patients with primary open angle glaucoma].Ophthalmologe. 2008; 105: 916-920
- Correlations between corneal hysteresis, intraocular pressure, and corneal central pachymetry.J Cataract Refract Surg. 2008; 34: 616-622
- Central corneal thickness and development of glaucomatous optic disk hemorrhages.Am J Ophthalmol. 2005; 140: 1139-1141
- The importance of disc hemorrhage in the prognosis of chronic open angle glaucoma.Arch Ophthalmol. 1977; 95: 226-228
- Disk hemorrhage is a significantly negative prognostic factor in normal-tension glaucoma.Am J Ophthalmol. 2000; 129: 707-714
- Optic disk hemorrhages in glaucoma.Am J Ophthalmol. 1994; 118: 1-8
- Optic disc haemorrhages precede retinal nerve fibre layer defects in ocular hypertension.Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh). 1981; 59: 627-641
- Localised wedge shaped defects of the retinal nerve fibre layer in glaucoma.Br J Ophthalmol. 1994; 78: 285-290
- Spatially consistent, localized visual field loss before and after disc hemorrhage.Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009; 50: 4727-4733
- Central corneal thickness and optic disc hemorrhages: the Beijing Eye Study.Arch Ophthalmol. 2008; 126: 435-436
- Anatomic relationships between disc hemorrhage and parapapillary atrophy.Am J Ophthalmol. 2008; 146: 735-740
- Risk factors associated with optic disc haemorrhage in patients with normal tension glaucoma.Eye (Lond). 2010; 24: 567-572
- Optic disk characteristics before the occurrence of disk hemorrhage in glaucoma patients.Am J Ophthalmol. 2001; 132: 411-413
- Corneal hysteresis but not corneal thickness correlates with optic nerve surface compliance in glaucoma patients.Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2008; 49: 3262-3268
- Corneal thickness- and age-related biomechanical properties of the cornea measured with the ocular response analyzer.Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2006; 47: 5337-5347
- Relationship between central corneal thickness and changes of optic nerve head topography and blood flow after intraocular pressure reduction in open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.Arch Ophthalmol. 2006; 124: 1568-1572
- Correlation of central corneal thickness and axial length to the optic disc and peripapillary atrophy among healthy individuals, glaucoma and ocular hypertension patients.Clin Ophthalmol. 2008; 2: 981-988
- Central corneal thickness and thickness of the lamina cribrosa and peripapillary sclera in monkeys.Arch Ophthalmol. 2009; 127: 1395-1396
- Central corneal thickness and thickness of the lamina cribrosa in human eyes.Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005; 46: 1275-1279
- Central corneal thickness is not related to anterior scleral thickness or axial length.J Glaucoma. 2006; 15: 190-194
- Corneal thickness and axial length.Am J Ophthalmol. 2005; 139: 553-554
- Correlation between corneal and scleral thickness in glaucoma.J Glaucoma. 2009; 18: 32-36
- Recovery of corneal hysteresis after reduction of intraocular pressure in chronic primary angle-closure glaucoma.Am J Ophthalmol. 2009; 147: 1061-1066
- Recovery of corneal hysteresis after reduction of intraocular pressure in chronic primary angle-closure glaucoma.Am J Ophthalmol. 2009; 148 (author reply 623): 623
- Morphologic predictive factors for development of optic disc hemorrhages in glaucoma.Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2002; 43: 2956-2961
- Differences in parapapillary atrophy between glaucomatous and normal eyes: the Beijing Eye Study.Am J Ophthalmol. 2007; 144: 541-546
- Increasing peripapillary atrophy is associated with progressive glaucoma.Ophthalmology. 1998; 105: 1541-1545
- Correlation between a disc hemorrhage and peripapillary atrophy in glaucoma patients with a unilateral disc hemorrhage.J Glaucoma. 2004; 13: 9-14
- Disc hemorrhage and peripapillary atrophy in apparently healthy subjects.Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 1999; 77: 139-142
- Optic disc hemorrhage in low-tension glaucoma.Ophthalmology. 1986; 93: 853-857
- Differences in optic discs in low-tension glaucoma patients with relatively low or high pressures.Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 1996; 74: 364-367
- Peripapillary crescents and halos in normal-tension glaucoma and ocular hypertension.Ophthalmology. 1989; 96: 16-19
- Ability of peripapillary atrophy parameters to differentiate normal-tension glaucoma from glaucomalike disk.J Glaucoma. 2001; 10: 95-101
- The Low-pressure Glaucoma Treatment Study (LoGTS) study design and baseline characteristics of enrolled patients.Ophthalmology. 2005; 112: 376-385
- Disc hemorrhages and treatment in the early manifest glaucoma trial.Ophthalmology. 2008; 115: 2044-2048
- Unequal intraocular pressure and its relation to asymmetric visual field defects in low-tension glaucoma.Ophthalmology. 1989; 96: 1312-1314
- Frequency of asymmetric visual field defects in normal-tension and high-tension glaucoma.Ophthalmology. 1998; 105: 988-991
- A statistical study of glaucoma.Am J Ophthalmol. 1947; 30: 1267-1275
Article Info
Publication History
Published online: December 23, 2019
Accepted:
October 24,
2019
Received in revised form:
October 16,
2019
Received:
April 30,
2019
Identification
Copyright
© 2019 Canadian Ophthalmological Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
