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Original Article| Volume 58, ISSUE 2, P125-130, April 2023

Myopic macular pits: a case series with multimodal imaging

Published:October 06, 2021DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjo.2021.09.003

      Abstract

      Objective

      To characterize the multimodal retinal findings of myopic macular pits, a feature of myopic degeneration.

      Methods

      A case series of patients with myopic macular pits were studied with multimodal imaging including color fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence (FAF), near infrared reflectance (NIR), spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT), optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), fluorescein angiography (FA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICG).

      Results

      Nine eyes of 6 patients with myopic macular pit were examined. Four patients presented with multiple pits and 3 with bilateral involvement. All pits were localized in a region of severe macular chorioretinal atrophy associated with myopic posterior staphyloma. In 3 eyes, the entrance of the posterior ciliary artery through the sclera was noted at the base of the pit. Schisis overlying the pit or adjacent to the pit was identified in 3 patients.

      Conclusion

      Myopic macular pits are an additional rare sign of myopic degeneration, developing in regions of posterior staphyloma complicated by severe chorioretinal atrophy and thin sclera.

      Résumé

      Objectif

      Décrire les observations de l'imagerie multimodale de trous maculaires dans la rétine du myope en tant que caractéristique d'une dégénérescence myope.

      Méthodes

      On a eu recours à l'imagerie multimodale – photographie couleur du fond d'œil, autofluorescence du fond d’œil, spectroscopie de réflectance dans le proche infrarouge, tomographie par cohérence optique (OCT) en domaine spectral, angiographie-tomographie par cohérence optique (OCTA), angiographie à la fluorescéine et angiographie au vert d'indocyanine – chez une série de patients présentant des trous maculaires du myope.

      Résultats

      Ont ainsi été examinés 9 yeux de 6 patients qui présentaient des trous maculaires du myope : 4 patients avaient de multiples trous, et 3, une atteinte bilatérale. Tous les trous maculaires se situaient dans une région d'importante atrophie choriorétinienne maculaire associée à un staphylome postérieur. On a observé l'entrée de l'artère ciliaire postérieure à travers la sclère à la base du trou maculaire dans 3 yeux. Enfin, on a noté la présence d'un schisis recouvrant le trou maculaire ou près de ce dernier chez 3 patients.

      Conclusion

      Le trou maculaire constitue un autre signe – bien que rare – d'une dégénérescence myope. Il apparaît dans les zones d'un staphylome postérieur et se complique d'une atrophie choriorétinienne prononcée et d'un amincissement de la sclère.
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